【精品推荐】大唐佛首宝印赏析

佛造像是佛教的载体，通过对佛造像年代、工艺、造型及风格的研究，有助于认识和了解古代铸造艺术、文化史，古人的审美情趣以及古代的政治、经济和科技发展水平。纵观佛造像制作材料，有木制、泥塑制、金属制、牙骨制、陶瓷制和石制。唐代佛造像是把人与精神、现实与理想完美地结合在一起的最佳表现形式。那么就请大家一同欣赏这尊唐代铜铸佛首的神韵和艺术感染力以及由此带给我们大家的宗教、历史、文化等方面的信息吧。

The Buddha statue is the carrier of Buddhism. The study on the age, craft, shape and style of the Buddha statue is helpful to know and understand the ancient casting art, cultural history, aesthetic taste of the ancient people, as well as the ancient political, economic and technological development level. Throughout the Buddha statue production materials, wood, clay, metal, tooth bone, ceramic and stone. The Buddha statue in Tang Dynasty is the best form of perfect combination of man and spirit, reality and ideal. So please enjoy the charm and artistic appeal of this Bronze Buddha head of Tang Dynasty and the religious, historical, cultural and other information it brings to us.

佛教本属外来文化，它起源于印度，在两汉时期传入我国，至今已有两千余年的历史。纵观历史长河，在众多外来文化现象的植入、影响、发展和演变中，没有哪一种文化现象像佛教那样，在中国大地众多阶层的不同角落有着广泛传播和影响，并强烈地冲击着我国固有的本土文化。佛教在我国两千年的传播过程中，逐渐地与中国传统的本土文化有了非常密切的结合，经过长期的磨合、吸收、改造，被广大民众所认可和接受，从而形成一种独特的文化现象，共同存在于中华民族的文化大家园之中。

Buddhism originated from India and was introduced into China in the Han Dynasty. It has a history of more than two thousand years. Throughout the long history, in the implantation, influence, development and evolution of numerous foreign cultural phenomena, there is no cultural phenomenon that has been widely spread and influenced in different corners of many strata of China like Buddhism, and has strongly impacted the inherent local culture of China. In the course of spreading in China for two thousand years, Buddhism has gradually been closely combined with Chinese traditional local culture. After a long period of running in, absorbing and reforming, Buddhism has been recognized and accepted by the general public, thus forming a unique cultural phenomenon, which exists together in the cultural homeland of the Chinese nation.

这尊佛首高18厘米，系用优质的黄铜铸造而成。我们从多个角度观察：面相丰满、静穆，眉目端庄，五官秀丽，朱唇小嘴，嘴角深凹，面颊微微地隆起，眉细长而弯，两眼微开一线，面带微笑，双目下视，整体面部铸造技巧高超，打磨精细，层次感极强，呈现神态慈祥静穆之感。细细观察颌下刻有一道弧线，彰显其丰满的双下巴。颈部残留有两道蚕节纹，则显示出盛唐时期的人文形象与体态境界的追求。高肉螺髻，两侧大耳垂肩，给视者以端庄和敬畏之感。佛首背面有两个近似圆形的小孔，用以固定佛首背光之用，位置设计得十分巧妙。这尊佛首铸造精细考究，娴熟的铸造技法，运用多种技法完成，使得局部刻画微妙细致，极其准确地将面部神态展现，把佛教所宣扬的大慈大悲的胸怀形象，栩栩如生地呈现了出来。

The head of the Buddha is 18 centimeters high and is cast in fine brass. We observed from various angles: face and serene, make elegant, beautiful facial features, lips mouth, the mouth deep concave, cheek slightly uplift, long and thin and curved eyebrow, eyes slightly open, smiling, under the eyes, the whole facial cast great skill, fine grinding, administrative levels feels extremely strong, present the expression serene sense of kindness. Carefully observe the submandibular engraved with an arc, highlighting its plump double chin. Two silkworm festival lines remain on the neck, which shows the pursuit of the human image and posture state in the high Tang Dynasty. High meat screw, both sides of the big ears droop shoulders, give the viewer a sense of dignity and awe. There are two approximately round holes on the back of the Buddha head, which are used to fix the backlight of the Buddha head. The position is very cleverly designed. The casting technique of this Buddha head is exquisite, skillful, and completed by various techniques, which makes the local depiction subtle and meticulous, and shows the facial expression extremely accurately, presenting the image of great kindness and compassion advocated by Buddhism vividly.

唐朝，一个佛教文化高度发展的鼎盛时期，此时国家政治稳定，经济发达，国运强盛，国泰民安。国民为了追求平安吉祥、祈福延年、大力寻求精神依托，广泛供奉佛像。据史料记载，唐长安城内寺院林立、高僧云集，佛寺就近达百座。此时不论单体还是群体的佛造像几乎都以高大、雄浑、丰满、慈祥的形式出现，铜铸单体佛像雕造水平更是达到了铸造艺术的顶峰和极致。从铸造技法和人文理念上，这尊铜铸造像佛首不仅具有了人体美学和审美层面的作用，同时更凝聚了工匠们对佛教的人性理解与情感，更展示了唐代高超的技艺水平。

The Tang Dynasty, a period of high development of Buddhist culture, was a time of political stability, economic development, prosperity, prosperity and peace. In order to pursue peace and good fortune, pray for an extended period of time and seek spiritual support, Buddha statues were widely worshiped. According to historical records, the Tang Chang 'an city temples, eminent monks gathered, buddhist temples as many as 100 nearby. At this time, almost all the Buddha statues, whether single or group, appeared in the form of tall, vigorous, plump and kind, and the level of bronze single Buddha statues reached the peak and acme of the casting art. From the perspective of casting techniques and humanistic concepts, this bronze Buddha head not only plays an aesthetic and aesthetic role in the human body, but also embodies the craftsmen's understanding and emotion on the humanity of Buddhism, and shows the superb technical level of the Tang Dynasty.

由于历史上的原因，使得完整保留下来的佛造像十分罕见。像这尊铸造技法高超、造型完美的黄铜佛首经过毁佛、灭佛、战争、破“四旧”等运动，能较好的完整地保存下来，更显弥足珍贵。

For historical reasons, it is very rare to have the Buddha statues completely preserved. Like this bronze Buddha head with superb casting techniques and perfect shape, it can be well preserved through the campaigns of destroying Buddha, destroying Buddha, fighting and breaking the "four old", which makes it even more precious.

在佛造像的传播演变过程中，佛造像作为佛教徒信仰和崇拜的偶像，它不但有着构建人类精神世界的功能，同时也促进着人类灵魂的净化与升华。随着岁月的流逝，人类由古代农耕社会进入了现代文明，人类对佛造像的崇敬功能也发生了某些变化(如美学、收藏、经济价值意义的增强等)，而作为一件包含历史、人文和珍贵艺术价值的佛造像，在现代生活中则呈现出了光芒四射的综合价值。

In the process of propagation and evolution of Buddha statues, Buddha statues, as the idols believed and worshipped by Buddhists, not only have the function of constructing the spiritual world of human beings, but also promote the purification and sublimation of human souls. As the years went by, the human by the ancient farming society into the modern civilization, human worship Buddha statues with function also some changes have taken place, such as aesthetics, the collection, enhancement of economic value, etc.), and as one contains precious historical, cultural and artistic value of Buddha statues, in modern life, presented the radiant comprehensive value.